Onye dere ya: Yamin Li na Houcheng Liu, wdg, sitere na Kọleji nke Ahịhịa, Mahadum Ọrụ Ugbo South China

Isi mmalite nke akụkọ a: Ugbo Greenhouse

Ụdị ebe a na-akọ ihe ubi n'ebe a gụnyere ebe a na-akụ ihe ubi plastik, ebe a na-akụ ihe ọkụkụ anyanwụ, ebe a na-akụ ihe ọkụkụ n'ọtụtụ ebe, na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ. N'ihi na ụlọ ebe a na-egbochi isi iyi ọkụ sitere n'okike ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, enweghị ọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ zuru oke, nke na-ebelata mmepụta ihe ubi na ịdị mma ya. Ya mere, ọkụ mgbakwunye na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na ihe ọkụkụ dị elu na nke na-emepụta ihe nke ọma na ebe a na-akụ ihe ubi, mana ọ ghọwokwa isi ihe na-akpata mmụba nke oriri ike na ọnụ ahịa ọrụ na ebe a na-akụ ihe ubi.

Ruo ogologo oge, isi iyi ọkụ arụrụ arụ nke e ji eme ihe n'ọhịa ubi gụnyere oriọna sodium dị elu, oriọna fluorescent, oriọna halogen ígwè, oriọna incandescent, wdg. Ihe ọghọm ndị pụtara ìhè bụ mmepụta okpomọkụ dị elu, oriri ike dị elu na ọnụ ahịa ọrụ dị elu. Mmepe nke diode ọkụ na-ewepụta ọkụ ọhụrụ (LED) na-eme ka o kwe omume iji isi iyi ọkụ arụrụ arụ dị obere ike n'ọhịa ubi ubi. LED nwere uru nke arụmọrụ mgbanwe fotoelectric dị elu, ike DC, obere olu, ogologo ndụ, obere oriri ike, ogologo oge edobere, obere radieshon okpomọkụ na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere oriọna sodium dị elu na oriọna fluorescent nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a, LED enweghị ike ịgbanwe ọnụọgụ na ịdị mma nke ìhè (oke nke ìhè band dị iche iche) dịka mkpa nke uto osisi si dị, ọ nwekwara ike ịgbasa osisi n'ebe dị anya n'ihi ọkụ oyi ya. Ya mere, enwere ike imeziwanye ọnụọgụ nke oyi akwa ubi na ọnụego ojiji oghere, yana ọrụ nke ịchekwa ike, nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na ojiji dị irè nke enweghị ike dochie ya site na isi iyi ọkụ ọdịnala.

Dabere na uru ndị a, ejirila LED mee ihe nke ọma n'ọkụ ubi, nchọpụta bụ isi nke gburugburu ebe a na-achịkwa, ọdịbendị anụ ahụ osisi, mkpụrụ osisi na gburugburu ebe obibi ikuku. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, arụmọrụ nke ọkụ ọkụ LED na-akawanye mma, ọnụahịa na-ebelata, a na-emepụtakwa ụdị ngwaahịa niile nwere ogologo ebili mmiri pụrụ iche, yabụ ojiji ya n'ọhịa ọrụ ugbo na bayoloji ga-aba ụba.

Edemede a na-achịkọta ọnọdụ nyocha nke LED n'ọhịa nke ọrụ ugbo ụlọ ọrụ, na-elekwasị anya na itinye ọkụ mgbakwunye LED na ntọala bayoloji ọkụ, ọkụ ọkụ LED na-etolite na mmepụta ọkụ osisi, ịdị mma nri na mmetụta nke igbu oge ịka nká, owuwu na itinye usoro ọkụ, na nyocha na atụmanya nke nsogbu dị ugbu a na atụmanya nke teknụzụ ọkụ mgbakwunye LED.

Mmetụta nke ọkụ mgbakwunye LED na uto nke ihe ọkụkụ ubi

Mmetụta iwu nke ìhè na uto na mmepe osisi gụnyere ịcha mkpụrụ, ịgbatị ogwe osisi, mmepe akwụkwọ na mgbọrọgwụ, fototropism, njikọta chlorophyll na ire ere, na mmụba okooko osisi. Ihe ndị dị na gburugburu ebe ọkụ dị n'ebe a gụnyere ike ọkụ, okirikiri ọkụ na nkesa spectral. Enwere ike ịgbanwe ihe ndị ahụ site na mgbakwunye ọkụ arụrụ arụ na-enweghị oke ọnọdụ ihu igwe.

Ugbu a, e nwere ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụdị fotoreceptors atọ n'ime osisi: phytochrome (na-amịkọrọ ìhè uhie na ìhè uhie dị anya), cryptochrome (na-amịkọrọ ìhè anụnụ anụnụ na ìhè ultraviolet dị nso) na UV-A na UV-B. Ojiji nke ìhè ogologo oge kpọmkwem iji mee ka ihe ọkụkụ dị ndụ pụta ìhè nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ photosynthesis nke osisi ka mma, mee ka morphogenesis ìhè dịkwuo ngwa ngwa, ma kwalite uto na mmepe nke osisi. E jiri ọkụ oroma uhie (610 ~ 720 nm) na ọkụ violet anụnụ anụnụ (400 ~ 510 nm) mee ihe na fotosynthesis osisi. Site na iji teknụzụ LED, enwere ike ịgbasa ìhè monochromatic (dịka ọkụ uhie nwere oke 660nm, ọkụ anụnụ anụnụ nwere oke 450nm, wdg) n'usoro na eriri nnabata kachasị ike nke chlorophyll, obosara ngalaba spectral bụ naanị ± 20 nm.

A kwenyere ugbu a na ìhè uhie-oroma ga-eme ka mmepe osisi dịkwuo ngwa ngwa, kwalite mkpokọta ihe kpọrọ nkụ, ịmepụta bọlbụ, tubers, bọlbụ akwụkwọ na akụkụ ahụ osisi ndị ọzọ, mee ka osisi too ma mịa mkpụrụ n'oge, ma rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmụba agba osisi; Ìhè acha anụnụ anụnụ na violet nwere ike ijikwa fototropism nke akwụkwọ osisi, kwalite mmeghe stomata na mmegharị chloroplast, igbochi ogologo ogwe osisi, gbochie ogologo osisi, igbu oge okooko osisi, ma kwalite uto nke akụkụ ahụ ahịhịa; njikọta nke LED uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ịkwụghachi maka ìhè na-ezughị ezu nke otu agba nke abụọ ahụ ma mepụta oke mmịpụta spectral nke kwekọrọ na photosynthesis na morphology nke ihe ọkụkụ. Ọnụego ojiji ike ọkụ nwere ike iru 80% ruo 90%, mmetụta nchekwa ike dịkwa oke mkpa.

Ọ bụrụ na ejiri ọkụ LED agbakwunyere rụọ ọrụ n'ubi ubi, ọ ga-eme ka mmepụta ya dịkwuo mma. Nnyocha egosila na ọnụọgụ mkpụrụ osisi, mkpokọta mmepụta na ibu nke tomato cherry ọ bụla n'okpuru ọkụ mgbakwunye nke 300 μmol/(m²·s) LED strips na LED tubes ruo awa 12 (8:00-20:00) na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Ọkụ mgbakwunye nke LED strips amụbaala site na 42.67%, 66.89% na 16.97% n'otu n'otu, ọkụ mgbakwunye nke LED tube amụbaala site na 48.91%, 94.86% na 30.86% n'otu n'otu. Ọkụ mgbakwunye LED nke LED lighting fixture n'oge uto niile [oke nke ọkụ uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ bụ 3:2, ike ọkụ dịkwa 300 μmol/(m²·s)] nwere ike ime ka otu mkpụrụ osisi na mkpụrụ osisi dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu kwa mpaghara chiehwa na eggplant. Chikuquan mụbara site na 5.3% na 15.6%, eggplant mụbara site na 7.6% na 7.8%. Site na mma ọkụ LED na ike ya na ogologo oge nke oge uto niile, enwere ike ime ka usoro uto osisi dị mkpụmkpụ, ka mmepụta azụmaahịa, ịdị mma nri na uru ọdịdị nke ngwaahịa ugbo ka mma, a pụkwara imezu mmepụta dị elu, nchekwa ike na ọgụgụ isi nke ihe ọkụkụ ubi.

Itinye ọkụ mgbakwunye LED n'ọrụ n'ịkụ mkpụrụ osisi akwụkwọ nri

Ịchịkwa ọdịdị osisi na uto na mmepe site na isi iyi ọkụ LED bụ teknụzụ dị mkpa n'ọhịa nke ịkụ griinhaus. Osisi ndị dị elu nwere ike ịghọta ma nata akara ìhè site na sistemụ photoreceptor dị ka phytochrome, cryptochrome, na photoreceptor, ma mee mgbanwe ọdịdị site na ndị ozi intracellular iji chịkwaa anụ ahụ na akụkụ ahụ osisi. Photomorphogenesis pụtara na osisi na-adabere na ìhè iji chịkwaa ọdịiche mkpụrụ ndụ, mgbanwe nhazi na ọrụ, yana nhazi nke anụ ahụ na akụkụ ahụ, gụnyere mmetụta na mkpụrụ ụfọdụ, nkwalite nke oke apical, mgbochi nke uto osisi n'akụkụ, ogologo osisi, na tropism.

Ịkụ mkpụrụ osisi n'ime akwụkwọ nri bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọrụ ugbo ebe a na-arụ ọrụ ugbo. Ihu igwe na-ezo mgbe niile ga-eme ka ìhè ghara ịdị n'ebe a na-arụ ọrụ, mkpụrụ osisi na-adịkwa ogologo, nke ga-emetụta uto akwụkwọ nri, ọdịiche okooko osisi na mmepe mkpụrụ osisi, ma mechaa metụta mmepụta na ịdị mma ha. N'ime mmepụta, a na-eji ụfọdụ ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi, dị ka gibberellin, auxin, paclobutrazol na chlormequat, achịkwa uto nke mkpụrụ osisi. Agbanyeghị, iji ihe ndị na-achịkwa uto osisi eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi nwere ike imebi gburugburu ebe obibi akwụkwọ nri na ebe obibi ngwa ngwa, ahụike mmadụ adịghị mma.

Ọkụ mgbakwunye LED nwere ọtụtụ uru pụrụ iche nke ọkụ mgbakwunye, ọ bụkwa ụzọ a ga-esi jiri ọkụ mgbakwunye LED zụlite mkpụrụ osisi. N'ime nnwale ọkụ mgbakwunye LED [25±5 μmol/(m²·s)] emere n'okpuru ọnọdụ obere ìhè [0~35 μmol/(m²·s)], achọpụtara na ọkụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-akwalite ogologo na uto nke mkpụrụ kukumba. Ọkụ uhie na ìhè anụnụ anụnụ na-egbochi uto mkpụrụ osisi. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkụ na-adịghị ike eke, ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ osisi agbakwunyere na ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ mụbara site na 151.26% na 237.98%, n'otu n'otu. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere àgwà ìhè monochromatic, ihe nrịbama nke mkpụrụ osisi siri ike nke nwere ihe ndị na-acha uhie uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ n'okpuru ọgwụgwọ nke ìhè mgbakwunye ọkụ mejupụtara mụbara site na 304.46%.

Ịtinye ọkụ uhie na mkpụrụ osisi kukumba nwere ike ime ka ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ ezi, mpaghara akwụkwọ, ogologo osisi, dayameta osisi, ịdị mma kpọrọ nkụ na nke ọhụrụ dịkwuo elu, ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ osisi, ike mgbọrọgwụ, ọrụ SOD na ọdịnaya protein na-agbaze nke mkpụrụ osisi kukumba. Ịgbakwunye UV-B nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya nke chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b na carotenoids dị na akwụkwọ osisi kukumba dịkwuo elu. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ìhè eke, ịgbakwunye ọkụ LED uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ime ka mpaghara akwụkwọ, ịdị mma nke ihe kpọrọ nkụ na ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ tomato dịkwuo elu nke ukwuu. Ịgbakwunye ọkụ uhie LED na ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-eme ka ịdị elu na ọkpụrụkpụ nke mkpụrụ tomato dịkwuo elu nke ukwuu. Ọgwụgwọ ọkụ LED nwere ike ime ka biomass nke mkpụrụ kukumba na tomato dịkwuo elu nke ukwuu, ibu ọhụrụ na nke kpọrọ nkụ nke mkpụrụ osisi na-abawanye ka mmụba nke ike ọkụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ebe nnukwu ogwe na ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ tomato niile na-eso ìhè ọkụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Mmụba nke ike na-abawanye. Njikọta nke ọkụ LED uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ime ka ọkpụrụkpụ ogwe, mpaghara akwụkwọ, oke akọrọ nke osisi dum, oke mgbọrọgwụ na ome, na ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ eggplant dịkwuo elu. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkụ ọcha, ọkụ uhie LED nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ osisi kabeeji dịkwuo elu ma kwalite uto ogologo na mgbasawanye akwụkwọ nke mkpụrụ osisi kabeeji. Ọkụ anụnụ anụnụ LED na-akwalite uto dị oke, mkpokọta ihe kpọrọ nkụ na ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ osisi kabeeji, ma na-eme ka mkpụrụ osisi kabeeji ghara ịdị mma. Nsonaazụ ndị dị n'elu na-egosi na uru nke mkpụrụ osisi akwụkwọ nri a kụrụ na teknụzụ nhazi ìhè doro anya nke ọma.

Mmetụta nke ọkụ mgbakwunye LED na àgwà nri nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri

Protein, shuga, organic acid na vitamin dị na mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri bụ ihe ndị bara uru maka ahụike mmadụ. Ogo ọkụ nwere ike imetụta ọdịnaya VC dị na osisi site na ịchịkwa ọrụ nke mmepụta VC na enzyme na-emebi emebi, ọ nwekwara ike ijikwa metabolism protein na mkpokọta carbohydrate na osisi ubi. Ọkụ uhie na-akwalite mkpokọta carbohydrate, ọgwụgwọ ọkụ anụnụ anụnụ bara uru maka nhazi protein, ebe njikọta nke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ime ka mma nri nke osisi dịkwuo elu karịa nke ìhè monochromatic.

Ịtinye ọkụ LED uhie ma ọ bụ acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ibelata nitrate dị na letus, itinye ọkụ LED acha anụnụ anụnụ ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nwere ike ịkwalite mkpokọta shuga na-agbaze na letus, itinye ọkụ LED infrared na-emekwa ka VC dị na letus. Nsonaazụ gosiri na mgbakwunye nke ọkụ acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya VC na protein na-agbaze na tomato ka mma; ọkụ uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ịkwalite ọdịnaya shuga na acid nke mkpụrụ osisi tomato, na oke nke shuga na acid bụ nke kachasị elu n'okpuru ọkụ acha anụnụ anụnụ uhie; ọkụ acha anụnụ anụnụ uhie nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya VC nke mkpụrụ osisi kukumba ka mma.

Fenol, flavonoids, anthocyanins na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri abụghị naanị na ha nwere mmetụta dị mkpa na agba, ụtọ na uru ngwaahịa nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, kamakwa ha nwere ọrụ antioxidant eke, ha nwekwara ike igbochi ma ọ bụ wepụ ihe ndị na-emebi emebi n'ahụ mmadụ nke ọma.

Iji ọkụ LED acha anụnụ anụnụ mee ka ìhè dịkwuo mma nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya anthocyanin nke akpụkpọ ahụ eggplant dịkwuo elu site na 73.6%, ebe iji ọkụ LED acha uhie uhie na njikọta nke ọkụ uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya flavonoids na phenols zuru oke dịkwuo elu. Ìhè acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ịkwalite mkpokọta lycopene, flavonoids na anthocyanins na mkpụrụ osisi tomato. Njikọta nke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ na-akwalite mmepụta nke anthocyanins ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, mana na-egbochi mmepụta nke flavonoids. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọgwụgwọ ọkụ ọcha, ọgwụgwọ ọkụ uhie nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya anthocyanin nke akwụkwọ letus dịkwuo elu nke ukwuu, mana ọgwụgwọ ọkụ acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ọdịnaya anthocyanin kacha ala. Ngụkọta phenol nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, akwụkwọ odo odo na letus akwụkwọ uhie dị elu n'okpuru ọgwụgwọ ọkụ ọcha, ọkụ uhie-acha anụnụ anụnụ jikọtara ọnụ na ọkụ acha anụnụ anụnụ, mana ọ bụ nke kacha ala n'okpuru ọgwụgwọ ọkụ uhie. Ịgbakwunye ìhè ultraviolet LED ma ọ bụ ìhè oroma nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya nke ogige phenolic dị na akwụkwọ letus dịkwuo elu, ebe ịgbakwunye ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ nwere ike ime ka ọdịnaya nke anthocyanins dịkwuo elu. Ya mere, iji ọkụ ọkụ LED mee ihe bụ ụzọ dị irè isi chịkwaa àgwà nri nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri n'ịkụ ubi n'ebe a na-akọ ihe ubi.

Mmetụta nke ọkụ mgbakwunye LED na mgbochi ịka nká nke osisi

Mbibi nke chlorophyll, mfu protein ngwa ngwa na hydrolysis nke RNA n'oge ịka nká osisi na-apụtakarị dị ka ịka nká akwụkwọ. Chloroplasts na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na mgbanwe na gburugburu ìhè mpụga, karịsịa nke àgwà ìhè na-emetụta. Ìhè uhie, ìhè acha anụnụ anụnụ na ìhè acha ọbara ọbara na-enyere aka na morphogenesis nke chloroplast, ìhè acha anụnụ anụnụ na-enyere aka na mkpokọta mkpụrụ starch na chloroplasts, ìhè uhie na ìhè uhie nwere mmetụta ọjọọ na mmepe chloroplast. Njikọta nke ìhè acha anụnụ anụnụ na ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ike ịkwalite njikọ nke chlorophyll na akwụkwọ mkpụrụ kukumba, njikọta nke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwekwara ike igbu oge mbelata nke ọdịnaya chlorophyll akwụkwọ n'oge ikpeazụ. Mmetụta a na-apụta ìhè karịa na mbelata nke oke ìhè uhie na mmụba nke oke ìhè acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ọdịnaya chlorophyll nke akwụkwọ mkpụrụ kukumba n'okpuru ọgwụgwọ ọkụ LED acha uhie uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ dị elu karịa nke dị n'okpuru njikwa ọkụ fluorescent na ọgwụgwọ ọkụ acha uhie uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ monochromatic. Ìhè acha anụnụ anụnụ LED nwere ike ịbawanye uru chlorophyll a/b nke Wutacai na mkpụrụ galik akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke ukwuu.

N'oge afọ ime, enwere cytokinins (CTK), auxin (IAA), mgbanwe ọdịnaya abscisic acid (ABA) na mgbanwe dị iche iche na ọrụ enzyme. Gburugburu ìhè na-emetụta ọdịnaya nke homonụ osisi ngwa ngwa. Àgwà ìhè dị iche iche nwere mmetụta dị iche iche na-achịkwa homonụ osisi, usoro mbụ nke ụzọ transduction mgbaàmà ìhè gụnyere cytokinins.

CTK na-akwalite mgbasawanye nke mkpụrụ ndụ akwụkwọ, na-eme ka photosynthesis nke akwụkwọ dịkwuo mma, ebe ọ na-egbochi ọrụ nke ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease na protease, ma na-egbu oge mmebi nke nucleic acids, protein na chlorophyll, yabụ ọ nwere ike igbu oge nke ukwuu nke ịka nká akwụkwọ. Enwere mmekọrịta dị n'etiti iwu mmepe nke ìhè na CTK, ìhè nwekwara ike ịkpalite mmụba nke ọkwa cytokinin endogenous. Mgbe anụ ahụ osisi nọ n'ọnọdụ ịka nká, ọdịnaya cytokinin endogenous ha na-ebelata.

A na-etinye IAA n'ime akụkụ ndị na-eto nke ọma, ọ dịghịkwa ihe dị na anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ ahụ ndị meworo agadi. Ìhè violet nwere ike ime ka ọrụ nke indole acetic acid oxidase dịkwuo elu, obere ọkwa IAA nwekwara ike igbochi ogologo na uto nke osisi.

A na-emepụta ABA n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ akwụkwọ ndị toro eto, mkpụrụ osisi ndị toro eto, mkpụrụ osisi, ogwe osisi, mgbọrọgwụ na akụkụ ndị ọzọ. Ọdịnaya ABA nke kukumba na kabeeji n'okpuru njikọta nke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ dị ala karịa nke ìhè ọcha na ìhè anụnụ anụnụ.

Peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) bụ enzymes nchekwa dị mkpa karịa ma na-echebe ha n'ihe gbasara ìhè n'ime osisi. Ọ bụrụ na osisi aka nká, ọrụ nke enzymes ndị a ga-ebelata ngwa ngwa.

Àgwà ìhè dị iche iche nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọrụ enzyme antioxidant osisi. Mgbe ụbọchị itoolu nke ọgwụgwọ ọkụ uhie gasịrị, ọrụ APX nke osisi rapes mụbara nke ukwuu, ọrụ POD belatara nke ukwuu. Ọrụ POD nke tomato mgbe ụbọchị iri na ise nke ìhè uhie na ìhè anụnụ anụnụ dị elu karịa nke ìhè ọcha site na 20.9% na 11.7%, n'otu n'otu. Mgbe ụbọchị iri abụọ nke ọgwụgwọ ọkụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ gasịrị, ọrụ POD nke tomato bụ nke kacha ala, naanị 55.4% nke ìhè ọcha. Ịgbakwunye ìhè anụnụ anụnụ awa 4 nwere ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya protein na-agbaze, ọrụ POD, SOD, APX, na CAT enzyme na akwụkwọ kukumba n'oge mkpụrụ osisi. Na mgbakwunye, ọrụ SOD na APX na-ebelata nwayọ nwayọ ka ìhè na-agbatịkwu. Ọrụ SOD na APX n'okpuru ìhè anụnụ anụnụ na ìhè uhie na-ebelata nwayọ nwayọ mana ọ na-adịkarị elu karịa nke ìhè ọcha. Ikpughe ọkụ uhie belatara nke ukwuu ọrụ peroxidase na IAA peroxidase nke akwụkwọ tomato na IAA peroxidase nke akwụkwọ eggplant, mana ọ mere ka ọrụ peroxidase nke akwụkwọ eggplant mụbaa nke ukwuu. Ya mere, iji usoro ọkụ LED eme ihe nke ọma nwere ike ime ka ihe ọkụkụ ubi dị n'ebe ahụ ghara ịka nká ma melite mmepụta na ịdị mma.

Nhazi na itinye usoro ọkụ LED n'ọrụ

Uto na mmepe nke osisi na-emetụta nke ukwuu site na ịdị mma nke ìhè na oke nhazi ya dị iche iche. Usoro ọkụ ahụ gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe dịka oke mma nke ìhè, ike ọkụ, na oge ọkụ. Ebe ọ bụ na osisi dị iche iche nwere ihe dị iche iche achọrọ maka ìhè na ọkwa uto na mmepe dị iche iche, njikọta kacha mma nke ịdị mma nke ìhè, ike ọkụ na oge mgbakwunye ọkụ dị mkpa maka ihe ọkụkụ a kụrụ akụ.

 ◆Oke spectrum ọkụ

Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkụ ọcha na ọkụ uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ, njikọta nke ọkụ LED na-acha ọbara ọbara na acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere uru zuru oke na uto na mmepe nke kukumba na kabeeji.

Mgbe oke ìhè uhie na nke anụnụ anụnụ dị 8:2, ọkpụrụkpụ nke ogwe osisi, ogologo osisi, ibu akọrọ osisi, ibu ọhụrụ, ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ osisi, wdg, na-abawanye nke ukwuu, ọ na-abakwa uru maka ịmepụta matrix chloroplast na basal lamella na mmepụta nke assimilation dị mkpa.

Ojiji nke ngwakọta nke àgwà uhie, akwụkwọ ndụ na acha anụnụ anụnụ maka mkpụrụ osisi agwa uhie bara uru maka mkpokọta ihe kpọrọ nkụ ya, ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nwekwara ike ịkwalite mkpokọta ihe kpọrọ nkụ nke mkpụrụ osisi agwa uhie. Uto ahụ pụtara ìhè nke ọma mgbe oke nke ìhè uhie, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na acha anụnụ anụnụ bụ 6:2:1. Mmetụta ogologo oge nke mkpụrụ osisi agwa uhie bụ nke kacha mma n'okpuru oke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nke 8:1, o doro anya na e gbochiri ogologo oge nke mkpụrụ osisi agwa uhie hypocotyl n'okpuru oke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ nke 6:3, mana ọdịnaya protein na-agbaze bụ nke kachasị elu.

Mgbe oke ọkụ uhie na nke anụnụ anụnụ dị 8:1 maka mkpụrụ osisi loofah, ihe nrịbama siri ike nke mkpụrụ osisi loofah na shuga na-agbaze na ya bụ nke kachasị elu. Mgbe a na-eji ogo ọkụ nke nwere oke ọkụ uhie na nke anụnụ anụnụ nke 6:3, ọdịnaya chlorophyll a, oke chlorophyll a/b, na ọdịnaya protein na-agbaze na mkpụrụ osisi loofah bụ nke kachasị elu.

Mgbe a na-eji nha 3:1 nke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ na seleri, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite mmụba nke ogologo osisi seleri, ogologo petiole, ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ, ịdị mma nke ihe kpọrọ nkụ, ọdịnaya VC, ọdịnaya protein na-agbaze na ọdịnaya shuga na-agbaze. N'ịkọ tomato, ịbawanye oke nke ìhè anụnụ anụnụ LED na-akwalite mmepụta nke lycopene, amino acid na flavonoids n'efu, na ịbawanye oke nke ìhè uhie na-akwalite mmepụta nke acid titratable. Mgbe ìhè nwere oke nke ìhè uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ na akwụkwọ letus bụ 8:1, ọ bara uru maka mkpokọta carotenoids, ma na-ebelata ọdịnaya nke nitrate ma na-eme ka ọdịnaya nke VC dịkwuo elu.

 ◆Ike ọkụ

Osisi ndị na-eto n'okpuru ìhè na-adịghị ike na-adị mfe inweta fotoinhibitory karịa n'okpuru ìhè siri ike. Ọnụọgụ fotosynthetic nke mkpụrụ tomato na-abawanye ka mmụba nke ike ọkụ [50, 150, 200, 300, 450, 550μmol/(m²·s)] na-egosi usoro nke ibuli elu na mbelata mbụ, na na 300μmol/(m²·s) iji ruo oke kachasị. Ogologo osisi, mpaghara akwụkwọ, ọdịnaya mmiri na ọdịnaya VC nke letus mụbara nke ukwuu n'okpuru ọgwụgwọ ike ọkụ 150μmol/(m²·s). N'okpuru ọgwụgwọ ike ọkụ 200μmol/(m²·s), ibu ọhụrụ, ibu zuru oke na ọdịnaya nke amino acid efu mụbara nke ukwuu, na n'okpuru ọgwụgwọ ike ọkụ 300μmol/(m²·s), mpaghara akwụkwọ, ọdịnaya mmiri, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a+b na carotenoids nke letus belatara. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọchịchịrị, ka mmụba nke ike ọkụ na-eto eto nke LED [3, 9, 15 μmol/(m²·s)], ọdịnaya nke chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, na chlorophyll a+b nke mkpụrụ osisi bean ojii mụbara nke ukwuu. Ọdịnaya VC kachasị elu na 3μmol/(m²·s), protein na-agbaze agbaze, shuga na-agbaze agbaze na ọdịnaya sucrose kachasị elu na 9μmol/(m²·s). N'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ahụ, na mmụba nke ike ọkụ [(2~2.5)lx×103 lx, (4~4.5)lx×103 lx, (6~6.5)lx×103 lx], oge mkpụrụ osisi ose na-ebelata, ọdịnaya nke shuga na-agbaze agbaze mụbara, mana ọdịnaya nke chlorophyll a na carotenoids na-ebelata nwayọ.

 ◆Oge ìhè

Ịgbatị oge ìhè nke ọma nwere ike ibelata nrụgide ìhè dị ala nke oke ọkụ na-adịghị mma kpatara ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, nyere aka n'ịchịkọta ngwaahịa photosynthesis nke ihe ọkụkụ ubi, ma nweta mmetụta nke ịbawanye mkpụrụ na imeziwanye mma. Ọdịnaya VC nke ihe ọkụkụ ahụ gosiri na ọ na-eto nwayọ nwayọ ka oge ọkụ na-agbatị (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20h/ụbọchị), ebe ọdịnaya amino acid efu, ọrụ SOD na CAT niile gosiri na ọ na-ebelata. Ka oge ọkụ na-agbatị (12, 15, 18h), ibu ọhụrụ nke osisi kabeeji China mụbara nke ukwuu. Ọdịnaya VC dị na akwụkwọ na osisi kabeeji China bụ nke kachasị elu na awa 15 na 12, n'otu n'otu. Ọdịnaya protein na-agbaze nke akwụkwọ kabeeji China belatara nwayọ nwayọ, mana osisi ahụ kacha elu mgbe awa 15 gachara. Ọdịnaya shuga na-agbaze nke akwụkwọ kabeeji China mụbara nwayọ nwayọ, ebe osisi ahụ kacha elu na awa 12. Mgbe oke ọkụ uhie na nke anụnụ anụnụ bụ 1:2, ma e jiri ya tụnyere oge ọkụ awa iri na abụọ, ọgwụgwọ ọkụ awa iri abụọ na-ebelata oke ọdịnaya nke phenols na flavonoids zuru oke na letus akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, mana mgbe oke ọkụ uhie na nke anụnụ anụnụ bụ 2:1, ọgwụgwọ ọkụ awa iri abụọ ahụ mụbara oke ọdịnaya nke phenols na flavonoids zuru oke na letus akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.

Site n'ihe dị n'elu, a pụrụ ịhụ na usoro ọkụ dị iche iche nwere mmetụta dị iche iche na photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis na metabolism carbon na nitrogen nke ụdị ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche. Otu esi enweta usoro ọkụ kacha mma, nhazi isi iyi ọkụ na nhazi usoro njikwa ọgụgụ isi chọrọ ụdị osisi dị ka ebe mmalite, na, ekwesịrị ime mgbanwe kwesịrị ekwesị dịka mkpa ngwaahịa nke ihe ọkụkụ ubi, ebumnuche mmepụta, ihe ndị metụtara mmepụta, wdg si dị, iji mezuo ebumnuche nke njikwa ọgụgụ isi nke gburugburu ebe obibi ọkụ na ihe ọkụkụ ubi dị elu na nke na-emepụta ihe dị elu n'okpuru ọnọdụ nchekwa ike.

Nsogbu na atụmanya ndị dị ugbu a

Uru dị ukwuu nke ọkụ LED na-eto eto bụ na ọ nwere ike ime mgbanwe njikọta amamihe dịka mkpa nke njirimara photosynthesis, ọdịdị, mma na mmepụta nke osisi dị iche iche si dị. Ụdị ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche na oge uto dị iche iche nke otu ihe ọkụkụ niile nwere ihe dị iche iche achọrọ maka ịdị mma ìhè, ike ọkụ na oge fotoperiod. Nke a chọrọ mmepe ọzọ na mmezi nke nyocha usoro ọkụ iji mepụta nnukwu nchekwa data usoro ọkụ. Tinyere nyocha na mmepe nke oriọna ọkachamara, uru kachasị nke ọkụ LED na ngwa ọrụ ugbo nwere ike imezu, iji chekwaa ike ka mma, melite arụmọrụ mmepụta na uru akụ na ụba. Itinye ọkụ LED na ubi ihe ọkụkụ egosila ike siri ike, mana ọnụahịa nke ngwa ọkụ LED ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ dị elu, itinye ego otu oge dịkwa ukwuu. Ihe achọrọ maka ọkụ mgbakwunye nke ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche n'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche edoghị anya, ụdị ọkụ mgbakwunye, Ike na oge ọkụ na-enweghị isi ga-akpata nsogbu dị iche iche na ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ osisi.

Agbanyeghị, site na mmụba na mmepe nke teknụzụ na mbelata ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nke ọkụ ọkụ LED, a ga-eji ọkụ mgbakwunye LED eme ihe nke ọma na ubi ihe ọkụkụ. N'otu oge ahụ, mmepe na ọganihu nke sistemụ teknụzụ ọkụ mgbakwunye LED na njikọta nke ike ọhụrụ ga-eme ka mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ọrụ ugbo ụlọ, ọrụ ugbo ezinụlọ, ọrụ ugbo obodo na ọrụ ugbo mbara igwe mezuo ọchịchọ ndị mmadụ maka ihe ọkụkụ ubi na gburugburu ebe pụrụ iche.