Li Jianming, Sun Guotao, wdg.Teknụzụ injinịa ugbo nke Greenhouse2022-11-21 17:42 Ebipụtara na Beijing

N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ụlọ ọrụ griin haus emeela nke ọma. Mmepe nke griin haus abụghị naanị na ọ na-eme ka ọnụego ojiji ala na ọnụego mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ugbo ka mma, kamakwa ọ na-edozi nsogbu ọkọnọ nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri n'oge ezumike. Agbanyeghị, griin haus ahụ enwetawokwa ihe ịma aka ndị a na-ahụtụbeghị mbụ. Ụlọ ọrụ mbụ, ụzọ ikpo ọkụ na ụdị nhazi emepụtala iguzogide gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepe. A chọrọ ngwa ngwa ihe ọhụrụ na imewe ọhụrụ iji gbanwee nhazi griin haus, a chọkwara isi mmalite ike ọhụrụ ngwa ngwa iji mezuo ebumnuche nke nchekwa ike na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, ma mụbaa mmepụta na ego.

Isiokwu a na-atụle isiokwu nke "ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ, imewe ọhụrụ iji nyere aka na mgbanwe ọhụrụ nke griinhaus", gụnyere nyocha na imepụta ihe ọhụrụ nke ike anyanwụ, ike biomass, ike geothermal na isi mmalite ike ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ na griinhaus, nyocha na itinye ihe ọhụrụ maka mkpuchi, mkpuchi okpomọkụ, mgbidi na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ, na atụmanya na echiche ọdịnihu nke ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na imewe ọhụrụ iji nyere aka na mgbanwe griinhaus, iji nye ntụaka maka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

Ịrụ ọrụ ugbo ebe a na-arụ ọrụ bụ ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị chọrọ na nhọrọ a na-apụghị izere ezere iji mee ihe n'ụzọ dị mkpa na mkpebi gọọmentị etiti. Na 2020, mpaghara ọrụ ugbo echekwara na China ga-abụ nde 2.8 hm2, uru mmepụta ga-agafekwa 1 trillion yuan. Ọ bụ ụzọ dị mkpa iji melite ikike mmepụta griinhaus iji melite ọkụ griinhaus na arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ site na ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na imewe griinhaus ọhụrụ. Enwere ọtụtụ ọghọm dị na mmepụta griinhaus ọdịnala, dị ka kol, mmanụ mmanụ na isi mmalite ike ndị ọzọ eji eme ihe maka ikpo ọkụ na ikpo ọkụ na griinhaus ọdịnala, na-ebute nnukwu gas dioxide, nke na-emerụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke ukwuu, ebe gas eke, ike eletrik na isi mmalite ike ndị ọzọ na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa ọrụ nke griinhaus. Ihe nchekwa okpomọkụ ọdịnala maka mgbidi griinhaus bụkarị ụrọ na brik, nke na-eri nnukwu ihe ma na-emebi akụrụngwa ala. Ojiji ala nke griinhaus anyanwụ ọdịnala nwere mgbidi ala bụ naanị 40% ~ 50%, griinhaus nkịtị enweghịkwa ikike nchekwa okpomọkụ dị mma, yabụ ọ nweghị ike ibi ndụ n'oge oyi iji mepụta akwụkwọ nri na-ekpo ọkụ na ugwu China. Ya mere, isi ihe dị mkpa iji kwalite mgbanwe griinhaus, ma ọ bụ nchọpụta bụ isi dị na nhazi griinhaus, nchọpụta na mmepe nke ihe ọhụrụ na ike ọhụrụ. Isiokwu a ga-elekwasị anya na nyocha na imepụta ihe ọhụrụ nke isi mmalite ike ọhụrụ na griinhaus, chịkọta ọnọdụ nyocha nke isi mmalite ike ọhụrụ dị ka ike anyanwụ, ike biomass, ike geothermal, ike ifufe na ihe mkpuchi ọhụrụ doro anya, ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ na ihe mgbidi na griinhaus, nyochaa ojiji nke ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ na owuwu griinhaus ọhụrụ, ma na-atụ anya ọrụ ha na mmepe na mgbanwe griinhaus n'ọdịnihu.

Nnyocha na Mmepụta Ihe Ọhụrụ nke Greenhouse Energy ọhụrụ

Ike ọhụrụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke nwere ike iji ọrụ ugbo kacha mma gụnyere ike anyanwụ, ike geothermal na ike biomass, ma ọ bụ iji ọtụtụ isi mmalite ike ọhụrụ eme ihe nke ọma, iji nweta ojiji dị irè nke ike site n'ịmụta ihe site n'ebe ibe ha siri ike.

ike anyanwụ/ike anyanwụ

Teknụzụ ike anyanwụ bụ ụdị ike na-enye obere carbon, dị irè ma na-adịgide adịgide, ọ bụkwa akụkụ dị mkpa nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepe emepe na China. Ọ ga-abụ nhọrọ a na-apụghị izere ezere maka mgbanwe na imeziwanye usoro ike China n'ọdịnihu. Site n'echiche nke iji ike eme ihe, griin haus n'onwe ya bụ usoro ihe owuwu maka iji ike anyanwụ eme ihe. Site na mmetụta griin haus, a na-achịkọta ike anyanwụ n'ime ụlọ, a na-ebuli okpomọkụ nke griin haus elu, a na-enyekwa okpomọkụ dị mkpa maka uto ihe ubi. Isi iyi ike nke photosynthesis nke osisi griin haus bụ ìhè anyanwụ kpọmkwem, nke bụ iji ike anyanwụ eme ihe ozugbo.

01 Ike mmepụta ike fotovoltaic iji mepụta okpomọkụ

Mmepụta ike fotovoltaic bụ teknụzụ nke na-agbanwe ike ìhè ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ ike eletrik dabere na mmetụta fotovoltaic. Isi ihe dị na teknụzụ a bụ sel anyanwụ. Mgbe ike anyanwụ na-enwu n'ọtụtụ panel anyanwụ n'usoro ma ọ bụ n'otu oge, ihe ndị mejupụtara semiconductor na-agbanwe ike radieshon anyanwụ ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ ike eletrik. Teknụzụ fotovoltaic nwere ike ịgbanwe ike ìhè ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ ike eletrik, chekwaa ọkụ eletrik site na batrị, ma kpoo ụlọ griin ha n'abalị, mana ọnụ ahịa ya dị elu na-egbochi mmepe ya ọzọ. Ndị otu nyocha ahụ mepụtara ngwaọrụ kpo oku fotovoltaic graphene, nke nwere panel fotovoltaic na-agbanwe agbanwe, igwe njikwa azụ niile, batrị nchekwa na mkpanaka kpo oku graphene. Dịka ogologo ahịrị osisi si dị, a na-eli mkpanaka kpo oku graphene n'okpuru akpa substrate. N'ehihie, panel fotovoltaic na-amịkọrọ radieshon anyanwụ iji mepụta ọkụ eletrik ma chekwaa ya na batrị nchekwa, wee wepụta ọkụ eletrik n'abalị maka mkpanaka kpo oku graphene. Na nha n'ezie, a na-eji ụdị njikwa okpomọkụ nke na-amalite na 17℃ na mmechi na 19℃. Na-agba n'abalị (20:00-08:00 n'ụbọchị nke abụọ) ruo awa asatọ, ike oriri nke ikpo ọkụ n'otu ahịrị osisi bụ 1.24 kW·h, okpomọkụ nkezi nke akpa substrate n'abalị bụ 19.2℃, nke dị elu karịa 3.5 ~ 5.3℃ karịa nke njikwa. Usoro ikpo ọkụ a jikọtara ya na mmepụta ike fotovoltaic na-edozi nsogbu nke oke oriri ike na oke mmetọ na ikpo ọkụ griinhaus n'oge oyi.

02 Mgbanwe na ojiji nke fotothermal

Mgbanwe fotothermal anyanwụ na-ezo aka n'iji elu pụrụ iche nke nchịkọta anyanwụ nke e ji ihe mgbanwe fotothermal mee iji chịkọta ma nara ike anyanwụ niile e tinyere na ya ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ike okpomọkụ. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ngwa fotovoltaic anyanwụ, ngwa photothermal anyanwụ na-eme ka nnabata nke eriri infrared dị nso dịkwuo elu, ya mere ọ nwere arụmọrụ ka mma nke iji ike anyanwụ eme ihe, ọnụ ahịa dị ala na teknụzụ tozuru okè, ọ bụkwa ụzọ kachasị eji eji ike anyanwụ eme ihe.

Teknụzụ kachasị ochie nke mgbanwe na ojiji nke fotothermal na China bụ ihe nchịkọta anyanwụ, nke bụ isi ihe dị na ya bụ efere na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ nke nwere mkpuchi nnabata nhọrọ, nke nwere ike ịgbanwe ike radieshon anyanwụ na-agafe na efere mkpuchi ka ọ bụrụ ike okpomọkụ ma nyefee ya na ihe na-arụ ọrụ na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ. Enwere ike kewaa ndị na-anakọta anyanwụ n'ime ụdị abụọ dabere na ma enwere oghere oghere na onye na-anakọta anyanwụ ma ọ bụ na ọ dịghị: ndị na-anakọta anyanwụ dị larịị na ndị na-anakọta anyanwụ tube vacuum; ndị na-anakọta anyanwụ na ndị na-anakọta anyanwụ na-anaghị etinye uche dịka ma radieshon anyanwụ na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ìhè anyanwụ na-agbanwe ntụziaka; na ndị na-anakọta anyanwụ mmiri mmiri na ndị na-anakọta anyanwụ ikuku dịka ụdị ihe na-arụ ọrụ na-ebufe okpomọkụ si dị.

A na-ejikarị ụdị dị iche iche nke ndị na-anakọta ike anyanwụ eme ihe n'ime ụlọ ntu. Mahadum Ibn Zor dị na Morocco emepụtala usoro ikpo ọkụ ike anyanwụ (ASHS) maka ikpo ọkụ ụlọ ntu, nke nwere ike ịbawanye mmepụta tomato niile site na 55% n'oge oyi. Mahadum Ọrụ Ugbo China emepụtala ma mepụta usoro nchịkọta na mwepụta nke fan oyi-oyi n'elu, nke nwere ikike nchịkọta okpomọkụ nke 390.6~693.0 MJ, ma tinye echiche nke ikewapụ usoro nchịkọta okpomọkụ na usoro nchekwa okpomọkụ site na ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ. Mahadum Bari dị na Itali emepụtala usoro kpo oku ụlọ ntu, nke nwere sistemụ ike anyanwụ na ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ ikuku-mmiri, ma nwee ike ịbawanye okpomọkụ ikuku site na 3.6% na okpomọkụ ala site na 92%. Ndị otu nyocha ahụ emepụtala ụdị ngwa nchịkọta okpomọkụ anyanwụ na-arụ ọrụ nke nwere akụkụ ntụgharị maka ụlọ ntu anyanwụ, yana ngwaọrụ nchekwa okpomọkụ maka ahụ mmiri griinhaus n'oge ihu igwe. Teknụzụ nchịkọta okpomọkụ anyanwụ na-arụ ọrụ nke nwere mgbanwe mgbanwe na-agbaji oke nke ngwa nchịkọta okpomọkụ griinhaus ọdịnala, dị ka oke ikike nchịkọta okpomọkụ, ndò na ibi n'ala a kụrụ akụ. Site n'iji usoro pụrụ iche nke griin haus nke griin haus anyanwụ, a na-eji ohere a na-anaghị akụ nke griin haus eme ihe nke ọma, nke na-eme ka ojiji nke griin haus dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ anwụ na-achakarị, sistemụ nchịkọta okpomọkụ anyanwụ na-arụ ọrụ nke nwere mgbanwe na-eru 1.9 MJ/(m2h), arụmọrụ ojiji ike ruru 85.1% na ọnụego nchekwa ike bụ 77%. Na teknụzụ nchekwa okpomọkụ griin haus, a na-ahazi usoro nchekwa okpomọkụ mgbanwe ọtụtụ usoro, a na-amụba ikike nchekwa okpomọkụ nke ngwaọrụ nchekwa okpomọkụ, a na-emekwa ka mwepụta okpomọkụ nwayọ nwayọ site na ngwaọrụ ahụ, ka e wee nweta ojiji dị irè nke okpomọkụ nke akụrụngwa nchịkọta okpomọkụ griin haus na-anakọta.

ike biomass

A na-ewu ụlọ ọhụrụ site na ijikọta ngwaọrụ na-emepụta okpomọkụ biomass na griin haus, a na-etinyekwa ihe ndị e ji biomass emepụta dị ka nri ezi, ihe fọdụrụ ero na ahịhịa iji mepụta okpomọkụ, a na-enyekwa ike okpomọkụ a na-emepụta ozugbo na griin haus [5]. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere griin haus na-enweghị tank ọkụ biomass, griin haus na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike ime ka okpomọkụ ala dị na griin haus dịkwuo elu ma nọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke mgbọrọgwụ nke ihe ọkụkụ a kụrụ n'ala n'ọnọdụ ihu igwe nkịtị n'oge oyi. Iji griin haus nke nwere otu oyi akwa na-anaghị agbanwe agbanwe nke nwere ogologo nke mita 17 na ogologo nke mita 30 dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgbakwunye mita 8 nke ihe mkpofu ugbo (ahịhịa tomato na nsị ezi agwakọtara) n'ime tankị ịgba ọkụ n'ime ụlọ maka ịgba ọkụ eke na-enweghị ịtụgharị ikpo ahụ nwere ike ime ka okpomọkụ nke griin haus dịkwuo elu site na 4.2℃ n'oge oyi, okpomọkụ kacha nta kwa ụbọchị nwere ike iru 4.6℃.

Iji ike nke biomass achịkwa ịgba mmiri bụ ụzọ ịgba mmiri nke na-eji ngwa na akụrụngwa achịkwa usoro ịgba mmiri iji nweta ma jiri ike okpomọkụ biomass na fatịlaịza gas CO2 ngwa ngwa ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, nke gụnyere ikuku na mmiri bụ isi ihe na-achịkwa mmepụta okpomọkụ na gas nke biomass. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ikuku, obere nje aerobic na-eji oxygen eme ihe maka ndụ, a na-ejikwa akụkụ nke ike emepụtara maka ọrụ ndụ ha, a na-ewepụtakwa akụkụ nke ike ahụ n'ime gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka ike okpomọkụ, nke bara uru maka mmụba okpomọkụ nke gburugburu ebe obibi. Mmiri na-esonye na usoro ịgba mmiri niile, na-enye nri dị mkpa maka ọrụ nje, ma n'otu oge ahụ na-ahapụ okpomọkụ nke ikpo mmiri n'ụdị uzuoku site na mmiri, iji belata okpomọkụ nke ikpo mmiri ahụ, mee ka ndụ nje bacteria dịkwuo ogologo ma mee ka oke okpomọkụ nke ikpo mmiri dịkwuo elu. Ịwụnye ngwaọrụ ịgba mmiri ahịhịa na tankị ịgba mmiri nwere ike ime ka okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ dịkwuo elu site na 3 ~ 5℃ n'oge oyi, mee ka fotosị osisi sie ike ma mụbaa mkpụrụ tomato site na 29.6%.

Ike Geothermal

China bara ọgaranya na akụrụngwa geothermal. Ugbu a, ụzọ kachasị mma ụlọ ọrụ ugbo ga-esi eji ike geothermal eme ihe bụ iji ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ ala, nke nwere ike ibufe site na ike okpomọkụ dị ala gaa na ike okpomọkụ dị elu site na itinye obere ike dị elu (dịka ike eletrik). N'adịghị ka usoro ikpo ọkụ griinhaus ọdịnala, ikpo ọkụ ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ ala nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị nweta mmetụta okpomọkụ dị mkpa, kamakwa inwe ike ime ka griinhaus jụọ oyi ma belata iru mmiri na griinhaus. Nnyocha ngwa nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ ala n'ọhịa owuwu ụlọ bụ nke tozuru okè. Isi akụkụ nke na-emetụta ikike ikpo ọkụ na oyi nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ ala bụ modulu mgbanwe okpomọkụ n'okpuru ala, nke gụnyere ọkpọkọ ili, olulu mmiri n'okpuru ala, wdg. Otu esi emepụta sistemụ mgbanwe okpomọkụ n'okpuru ala nke nwere ọnụ ahịa na mmetụta kwesịrị ekwesị abụrụla isi ihe nyocha nke akụkụ a. N'otu oge ahụ, mgbanwe nke okpomọkụ nke oyi akwa ala n'okpuru ala na itinye ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ ala na-emetụtakwa mmetụta ojiji nke sistemụ ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ. Iji ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ nke ala mee ka griin ha dị jụụ n'oge ọkọchị ma chekwaa ike okpomọkụ n'ime oyi akwa ala miri emi nwere ike ibelata mbelata okpomọkụ nke oyi akwa ala dị n'okpuru ala ma melite arụmọrụ mmepụta okpomọkụ nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ nke ala n'oge oyi.

Ugbu a, n'ime nnyocha nke arụmọrụ na arụmọrụ nke mgbapụta okpomọkụ isi ala, site na data nnwale n'ezie, a na-eji ngwanrọ dịka TOUGH2 na TRNSYS guzobe ụdị ọnụọgụgụ, a na-ekwukwa na arụmọrụ okpomọkụ na ọnụọgụ arụmọrụ (COP) nke mgbapụta okpomọkụ isi ala nwere ike iru 3.0 ~ 4.5, nke nwere mmetụta dị mma na okpomọkụ. Na nyocha nke atụmatụ ọrụ nke sistemụ mgbapụta okpomọkụ, Fu Yunzhun na ndị ọzọ chọpụtara na ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro ibu, usoro mmiri isi ala nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na arụmọrụ nke nkeji ahụ na arụmọrụ mbufe okpomọkụ nke ọkpọkọ e liri n'ala. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ntọala mmiri, uru COP kachasị elu nke nkeji ahụ nwere ike iru 4.17 site na ịnakwere usoro ọrụ nke ịrụ ọrụ ruo awa 2 na ịkwụsị maka awa 2; Shi Huixian et. nakweere usoro ọrụ oge ụfọdụ nke sistemụ nchekwa mmiri. N'oge ọkọchị, mgbe okpomọkụ dị elu, COP nke sistemụ ike niile nwere ike iru 3.80.

Teknụzụ nchekwa okpomọkụ dị omimi n'ime ụlọ griin haus

A na-akpọkwa nchekwa okpomọkụ dị omimi n'ime ụlọ griinhaus "ebe nchekwa okpomọkụ" na ụlọ griinhaus. Mmebi oyi n'oge oyi na oke okpomọkụ n'oge ọkọchị bụ ihe mgbochi kachasị na mmepụta ụlọ griinhaus. Dabere na ikike nchekwa okpomọkụ siri ike nke ala miri emi, otu nnyocha ahụ chepụtara ngwaọrụ nchekwa okpomọkụ dị omimi n'okpuru ala ụlọ griinhaus. Ngwaọrụ a bụ ọkpọkọ mbufe okpomọkụ yiri nke okpukpu abụọ nke e liri n'ime omimi nke 1.5 ~ 2.5m n'okpuru ala ụlọ griinhaus, yana ntinye ikuku n'elu ụlọ griinhaus na ebe ikuku na-apụ apụ n'ala. Mgbe okpomọkụ dị na ụlọ griinhaus dị elu, a na-amanye ikuku dị n'ime ụlọ ka ọ banye n'ala site na onye ofufe iji hụ na nchekwa okpomọkụ na mbelata okpomọkụ. Mgbe okpomọkụ nke ụlọ griinhaus dị ala, a na-ewepụta okpomọkụ site na ala iji kpoo ụlọ griinhaus ọkụ. Nsonaazụ mmepụta na ojiji na-egosi na ngwaọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịbawanye okpomọkụ ụlọ griinhaus site na 2.3℃ n'abalị oyi, belata okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ site na 2.6℃ n'ụbọchị okpomọkụ, ma mụbaa mkpụrụ tomato site na 1500kg na 667 m²Ngwaọrụ a na-eji njirimara nke "ọkụ n'oge oyi na oyi n'oge ọkọchị" na "okpomọkụ na-adịgide adịgide" nke ala dị n'okpuru ala miri emi eme ihe nke ọma, na-enye "ebe nchekwa ike" maka griinhaus, ma na-arụzu ọrụ enyemaka nke oyi na ikpo ọkụ griinhaus mgbe niile.

Nhazi ọtụtụ ike

Iji ụdị ike abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa iji kpoo griin haus nwere ike imezu ihe ọjọọ nke ụdị ike otu, ma nye aka na mmetụta nke "otu gbakwunyere otu karịrị abụọ". Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ike geothermal na ike anyanwụ bụ ebe a na-eme nnyocha maka iji ike ọhụrụ eme ihe n'ọrụ ugbo n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Emmi et. mụrụ sistemụ ike dị iche iche (Foto 1), nke nwere ihe nchịkọta anyanwụ fotovoltaic-thermal hybrid. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere sistemụ ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ ikuku-mmiri nkịtị, arụmọrụ ike nke sistemụ ike dị iche iche na-aka mma site na 16% ~ 25%. Zheng et. mepụtara ụdị sistemụ nchekwa okpomọkụ ọhụrụ nke ike anyanwụ na ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ isi ala. Sistemụ nchịkọta anyanwụ nwere ike ịmepụta nchekwa oge dị elu nke ikpo ọkụ, ya bụ, ikpo ọkụ dị elu n'oge oyi na oyi dị elu n'oge ọkọchị. Ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ tube e liri na tankị nchekwa okpomọkụ na-adịghị agafe agafe nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na sistemụ ahụ, uru COP nke sistemụ ahụ nwekwara ike iru 6.96.

N'ịgbakwunye ike anyanwụ, ọ na-achọ ibelata oriri ike azụmahịa ma mee ka ike anyanwụ dịkwuo mma n'ime ụlọ ntu. Wan Ya et. wepụtara atụmatụ teknụzụ njikwa ọgụgụ isi ọhụrụ nke ijikọta ike anyanwụ na ike azụmahịa maka ikpo ọkụ ụlọ ntu, nke nwere ike iji ike fotovoltaic mee ihe mgbe ọkụ dị, ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ike azụmahịa mgbe ọkụ adịghị, na-ebelata oke ụkọ ike ibu ibu, ma na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa akụ na ụba na-ejighị batrị.

Ike anyanwụ, ike biomass na ike eletrik nwere ike ijikọ aka kpoo ụlọ griin haus, nke nwekwara ike ime ka ọ dị mma. Zhang Liangrui na ndị ọzọ jikọtara nchịkọta okpomọkụ nke tube vacuum anyanwụ na tankị mmiri nchekwa ọkụ eletrik. Sistemụ kpo oku griin haus nwere ezigbo nkasi obi okpomọkụ, nkezi arụmọrụ kpo oku nke sistemụ ahụ bụ 68.70%. Tankị mmiri nchekwa ọkụ eletrik bụ ngwaọrụ nchekwa mmiri kpo oku biomass nwere kpo oku eletrik. A na-edozi okpomọkụ kacha ala nke ntinye mmiri na njedebe kpo oku, a na-ekpebikwa atụmatụ ọrụ nke sistemụ ahụ dịka okpomọkụ nchekwa mmiri nke akụkụ nchịkọta okpomọkụ anyanwụ na akụkụ nchekwa okpomọkụ biomass si dị, ka e wee nweta okpomọkụ kpo oku kwụsiri ike na njedebe kpo oku ma chekwaa ike eletrik na ihe ike biomass ruo n'ókè kachasị.

Nnyocha ọhụrụ na itinye ihe ndị e ji mee ka ụlọ dị ndụ dị ọhụrụ n'ọrụ

Ka ebe a na-eme ka griin haus gbasaa, a na-ekpughewanye ọghọm nke ihe ndị e ji griin haus eme dịka brik na ala. Ya mere, iji meziwanye arụmọrụ okpomọkụ nke griin haus ma mezuo mkpa mmepe nke griin haus nke oge a, enwere ọtụtụ nnyocha na ngwa nke ihe mkpuchi ọhụrụ doro anya, ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ na ihe mgbidi.

Nnyocha na itinye ihe mkpuchi ọhụrụ doro anya n'ọrụ

Ụdị ihe mkpuchi doro anya maka griin haus gụnyere ihe nkiri plastik, iko, panel anyanwụ na panel fotovoltaic, nke ihe nkiri plastik nwere ebe kachasị ukwuu maka ojiji. Ihe nkiri PE griin haus ọdịnala nwere ntụpọ nke ndụ ọrụ dị mkpụmkpụ, enweghị mmebi na otu ọrụ. Ugbu a, emepụtala ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ọhụrụ na-arụ ọrụ site na itinye ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ mkpuchi.

Ihe nkiri ntụgharị ìhè:Ihe nkiri mgbanwe ọkụ na-agbanwe ihe ndị dị na fim ahụ site na iji ihe ndị na-agbanwe ìhè dịka ala dị ụkọ na ihe nano, ma nwee ike ịgbanwe mpaghara ọkụ ultraviolet ka ọ bụrụ ìhè oroma uhie na ìhè violet acha anụnụ anụnụ nke osisi photosynthesis chọrọ, si otú a na-eme ka mkpụrụ ihe ubi dịkwuo elu ma belata mmebi nke ìhè ultraviolet na ihe ọkụkụ na ihe nkiri griinhaus na griinhaus plastik. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe nkiri griinhaus acha odo odo-acha ọbara ọbara nke nwere ihe na-agbanwe ìhè VTR-660 nwere ike ime ka nnyefe infrared ka mma nke ukwuu mgbe etinyere ya na griinhaus, ma e jiri ya tụnyere griinhaus njikwa, mkpụrụ tomato kwa hekta, vitamin C na lycopene na-abawanye nke ukwuu site na 25.71%, 11.11% na 33.04% n'otu n'otu. Agbanyeghị, ugbu a, a ka kwesịrị ịmụ banyere ndụ ọrụ, mmebi na ọnụ ahịa nke ihe nkiri mgbanwe ọkụ ọhụrụ.

Iko agbasasị: Iko a gbasasịrị n'ime griin haus bụ usoro pụrụ iche na teknụzụ mgbochi ntụgharị uche n'elu iko, nke nwere ike ime ka ìhè anyanwụ dịkwuo mma ka ọ bụrụ ìhè gbasaa ma banye na griin haus, melite arụmọrụ photosynthesis nke ihe ọkụkụ ma mee ka mkpụrụ osisi na-amịpụta. Iko a na-agbasa na-eme ka ìhè na-abanye na griin haus ghọọ ìhè gbasaa site na ụkpụrụ pụrụ iche, a pụkwara ikpughe ìhè gbasaa n'ime griin haus nke ọma, na-ewepụ mmetụta onyinyo nke ọkpụkpụ na griin haus. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere iko a na-ese n'elu mmiri nkịtị na iko a na-ese n'elu mmiri nke ukwuu, ọkọlọtọ nke nnyefe ìhè nke iko a na-ese n'elu mmiri bụ 91.5%, na nke iko a na-ese n'elu mmiri nkịtị bụ 88%. Maka mmụba 1% ọ bụla na mmụba ìhè n'ime griin haus, a pụrụ ịbawanye mkpụrụ ihe dị ka 3%, shuga na-agbaze na vitamin C na mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri amụbaala. A na-ekpuchi iko a na-ese n'ime griin haus mbụ wee mee ka ọ dị jụụ, ọnụego mgbawa onwe onye dịkwa elu karịa ọkọlọtọ mba, na-eru 2‰.

Nnyocha na itinye ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ ọhụrụ n'ọrụ

Ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ ọdịnala dị na griin haus gụnyere ute ahịhịa, akwa akwụkwọ, akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ a na-eji agịga, wdg, nke a na-ejikarị eme mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị n'ime na nke mpụga nke ụlọ, mkpuchi mgbidi na mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke ụfọdụ ngwaọrụ nchekwa okpomọkụ na nchịkọta okpomọkụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere nkwarụ nke ịla n'iyi arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ n'ihi mmiri dị n'ime mgbe ejiri ya ogologo oge. Ya mere, enwere ọtụtụ ojiji nke ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị elu ọhụrụ, gụnyere akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ ọhụrụ, nchekwa okpomọkụ na ngwaọrụ nchịkọta okpomọkụ bụ isi ihe nyocha ahụ.

A na-emekarị ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ ọhụrụ site na nhazi na ijikọ ihe ndị na-anaghị egbochi mmiri na ihe ndị na-adịghị emebi emebi dịka ihe mkpuchi kpara na ihe mkpuchi ekpuchi site na iji ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị nro dịka owu a kpara, ụdị cashmere na owu pearl. A nwalere akwa mkpuchi kpụkọrọ akpụkọ nke owu a kpara na-eji ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ eme ihe na Northeast China. A chọpụtara na itinye owu a kpara 500g hà nhata arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke 4500g ojii felt thermal insulation cover n'ahịa. N'otu ọnọdụ ahụ, arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke owu a kpara 700g ka mma site na 1 ~ 2℃ ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke 500g owu a kpara thermal insulation cover. N'otu oge ahụ, ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ chọpụtakwara na ma e jiri ya tụnyere akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ahịa, mmetụta mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke owu a kpara ekpuchi na akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị iche iche nke cashmere ka mma, yana ọnụego mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke 84.0% na 83.3% n'otu n'otu. Mgbe okpomọkụ kacha oyi n'èzí bụ -24.4℃, okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ nwere ike iru 5.4 na 4.2℃ n'otu n'otu. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi ahịhịa otu, ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi ọhụrụ nwere uru dị ka ibu dị mfe, oke mkpuchi dị elu, ike mmiri na-adịghị amịpụta na iguzogide ịka nká, a pụkwara iji ya dị ka ụdị ihe mkpuchi dị elu maka ụlọ griinhaus anyanwụ.

N'otu oge ahụ, dịka nnyocha e mere banyere ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ maka ngwa nchịkọta okpomọkụ na nchekwa griinhaus si kwuo, achọpụtakwara na mgbe ọkpụrụkpụ ya dị otu, ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ mejupụtara ọtụtụ oyi akwa nwere arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ ka mma karịa ihe otu. Ndị otu Prọfesọ Li Jianming sitere na Mahadum Northwest A&F chepụtara ma nyochaa ụdị ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ 22 nke ngwaọrụ nchekwa mmiri griinhaus, dị ka bọọdụ vacuum, aerogel na owu roba, ma tụọ ihe onwunwe okpomọkụ ha. Nsonaazụ gosiri na mkpuchi mkpuchi okpomọkụ 80mm + ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi okpomọkụ aerogel + roba-plastic mkpuchi okpomọkụ owu nwere ike ibelata mgbasa okpomọkụ site na 0.367MJ kwa oge ma e jiri ya tụnyere owu roba-plastic 80mm, na ọnụọgụ mbufe okpomọkụ ya bụ 0.283W/(m2·k) mgbe ọkpụrụkpụ nke njikọta mkpuchi ahụ bụ 100mm.

Ihe e ji agbanwe usoro bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kacha ewu ewu n'inyocha ihe ndị dị n'ime griin haus. Mahadum Northwest A&F emepụtala ụdị ngwaọrụ nchekwa ihe abụọ: otu bụ igbe nchekwa nke e ji polyethylene ojii mee, nke nwere nha 50cm × 30cm × 14cm (ogologo × elu × ọkpụrụkpụ) ma jupụta na ihe ndị na-agbanwe usoro, ka o wee nwee ike ịchekwa okpomọkụ ma wepụta okpomọkụ; Nke abụọ, a na-emepụta ụdị mgbidi ọhụrụ nke mgbanwe usoro. Mgbidi mgbidi nke mgbanwe usoro nwere ihe ndị na-agbanwe usoro, efere aluminom, efere aluminom-plastic na alloy aluminom. Ihe e ji agbanwe usoro dị n'etiti bọọdụ mgbidi, nkọwapụta ya bụkwa 200mm × 200mm × 50mm. Ọ bụ ihe siri ike tupu na mgbe mgbanwe usoro gasịrị, ọ dịghịkwa ihe na-agbaze ma ọ bụ na-asọ asọ. Mgbidi anọ nke ihe ndị na-agbanwe usoro bụ efere aluminom na efere aluminom-plastic, n'otu n'otu. Ngwaọrụ a nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ịchekwa okpomọkụ n'ehihie na ịhapụ okpomọkụ n'abalị.

Ya mere, enwere nsogbu ụfọdụ n'itinye ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ otu otu, dịka obere arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ, nnukwu mfu okpomọkụ, obere oge nchekwa okpomọkụ, wdg. Ya mere, iji ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ mejupụtara dị ka oyi akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ na mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ na n'èzí nke na-ekpuchi oyi akwa nke ngwaọrụ nchekwa okpomọkụ nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke griinhaus dịkwuo mma, belata mfu okpomọkụ nke griinhaus, wee si otú a nweta mmetụta nke ịchekwa ike.

Nnyocha na Ojiji nke Mgbidi Ọhụrụ

Dịka ụdị ihe owuwu ogige, mgbidi ahụ bụ ihe mgbochi dị mkpa maka nchekwa oyi na nchekwa okpomọkụ nke griinhaus. Dịka ihe na ihe owuwu mgbidi si dị, mmepe nke mgbidi ugwu nke griinhaus nwere ike kewaa ụzọ atọ: mgbidi otu oyi akwa nke ejiri ájá, brik, wdg mee, na mgbidi ugwu nke ejiri brik ụrọ, brik blọk, osisi polystyrene, wdg mee, yana nchekwa okpomọkụ dị n'ime na mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị n'èzí, ọtụtụ n'ime mgbidi ndị a na-ewe oge ma na-ewe ọrụ; Ya mere, n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ọtụtụ ụdị mgbidi ọhụrụ apụtala, nke dị mfe iwu ma dabara maka nkpọkọta ngwa ngwa.

Mpụta nke mgbidi ndị a kpọkọtara ọhụrụ na-akwalite mmepe ngwa ngwa nke griinhaus a kpọkọtara, gụnyere mgbidi ndị a chịkọtara ọhụrụ nwere ihe ndị dị n'elu mmiri na-anaghị amị amị na ihe ndị na-egbochi ịka nká dịka felt, owu pearl, owu oghere, owu iko ma ọ bụ owu a na-emegharị emegharị dị ka akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ, dị ka mgbidi ndị a kpọkọtara nke owu a gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na Xinjiang. Na mgbakwunye, ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ akọpụtakwala mgbidi ugwu nke griinhaus a kpọkọtara nwere oyi akwa nchekwa okpomọkụ, dị ka brik shell mortar block na Xinjiang. N'okpuru otu gburugburu ebe obibi ahụ, mgbe okpomọkụ kacha ala n'èzí bụ -20.8℃, okpomọkụ dị na griinhaus anyanwụ nwere mgbidi ngwakọta mortar block roll ball bụ 7.5℃, ebe okpomọkụ dị na griinhaus anyanwụ nwere mgbidi brik-simenti bụ 3.2℃. Oge owuwe ihe ubi nke tomato na griinhaus brik nwere ike ịbawanye site na ụbọchị 16, a pụkwara ịbawanye mkpụrụ nke griinhaus otu site na 18.4%.

Ndị otu ụlọ ọrụ nke Mahadum Northwest A&F wepụtara echiche imepụta ahịhịa, ala, mmiri, nkume na ihe mgbanwe usoro ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ na modulu nchekwa okpomọkụ site na nkuku ìhè na imewe mgbidi dị mfe, nke kwalitere nyocha ojiji nke mgbidi modular a kpọkọtara. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere griin haus mgbidi brik nkịtị, okpomọkụ nkezi dị na griin haus dị elu 4.0℃ n'ụbọchị anwụ na-acha. Ụdị modulu simenti atọ nke mgbanwe usoro inorganic, nke ejiri ihe mgbanwe usoro (PCM) na simenti mee, chịkọtara okpomọkụ nke 74.5, 88.0 na 95.1 MJ/m³, na okpomọkụ ewepụtara nke 59.8, 67.8 na 84.2 MJ/m³, n'otu n'otu. Ha nwere ọrụ nke "ịcha oke" n'ehihie, "ijupụta ndagwurugwu" n'abalị, ịmịkọrọ okpomọkụ n'oge ọkọchị na ịhapụ okpomọkụ n'oge oyi.

A na-achịkọta mgbidi ọhụrụ ndị a n'ebe ahụ, ha na-enwe obere oge owuwu na ogologo ndụ ọrụ, nke na-emepụta ọnọdụ maka iwu ụlọ griinhaịn dị mfe, nke a kwadebere ngwa ngwa, ma nwee ike ịkwalite mgbanwe nhazi nke griinhaịn. Agbanyeghị, enwere ụfọdụ ntụpọ na ụdị mgbidi a, dịka mgbidi mkpuchi okpomọkụ owu nke a na-agbụ agbagọ nwere arụmọrụ mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị mma, mana enweghị ikike nchekwa okpomọkụ, ihe owuwu mgbanwe nke oge nwekwara nsogbu nke ọnụ ahịa ojiji dị elu. N'ọdịnihu, a ga-eme ka nnyocha ngwa nke mgbidi a kpọkọtara sie ike.

Ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na atụmatụ ọhụrụ na-enyere aka ịgbanwe nhazi ụlọ griinhaus.

Nnyocha na imepụta ihe ọhụrụ nke ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ na-enye ntọala maka imepụta ihe ọhụrụ nke griinhaus. Igwe ọkụ anyanwụ na ụlọ elu arch nke na-echekwa ike bụ ụlọ elu kachasị ukwuu na mmepụta ugbo China, ha na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepụta ugbo. Agbanyeghị, site na mmepe nke akụnụba mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke China, a na-egosiwanye adịghị ike nke ụdị ụlọ elu abụọ ahụ. Nke mbụ, oghere nke ụlọ elu dị obere na ogo nke igwe eletrik dị ala; Nke abụọ, griinhaus anyanwụ na-echekwa ike nwere ezigbo mkpuchi okpomọkụ, mana ojiji ala dị ala, nke yiri ka ọ na-anọchi ike griinhaus na ala. Ụlọ elu arch nkịtị abụghị naanị obere oghere, kamakwa ọ nwere mkpuchi okpomọkụ adịghị mma. Ọ bụ ezie na griinhaus multi-spound nwere nnukwu oghere, ọ nwere mkpuchi okpomọkụ adịghị mma na oke oriri ike. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa inyocha ma mepụta usoro griinhaus nke dabara adaba maka ọkwa mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba China ugbu a, nyocha na mmepe nke ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ ga-enyere usoro griinhaus aka ịgbanwe ma mepụta ọtụtụ ụdị griinhaus ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ihe owuwu griinhaus.

Nnyocha Ọhụrụ na Greenhouse Mmiri Na-achịkwa Asymmetric nke Ukwuu

Ụlọ griin haịnịn nke a na-achịkwa mmiri nke ukwuu (nọmba patent: ZL 201220391214.2) dabere na ụkpụrụ nke ụlọ griin haịnịn anyanwụ, na-agbanwe nhazi symmetrical nke ụlọ griin haịnịn plastik nkịtị, na-amụba ohere ndịda, na-amụba ebe ọkụ nke ụlọ ndịda, na-ebelata oge ugwu ma na-ebelata ebe ọkụ na-apụ apụ, na-enwe oge nke 18~24m na elu ugwu nke 6~7m. Site na imepụta ihe ọhụrụ, usoro oghere amụbaala nke ukwuu. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-edozi nsogbu nke okpomọkụ na-ezughị oke na ụlọ griin haịnịn n'oge oyi na mkpuchi okpomọkụ na-adịghị mma nke ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ nkịtị site na iji teknụzụ ọhụrụ nke ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ biomass na ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ. Nsonaazụ mmepụta na nyocha gosiri na griinhaus nke nwere oke mmiri na-achịkwa nke ọma, nke nwere nkezi okpomọkụ nke 11.7℃ n'ụbọchị anwụ na-acha na 10.8℃ n'ụbọchị igwe ojii, nwere ike igbo mkpa nke uto ihe ubi n'oge oyi, ọnụ ahịa owuwu nke griinhaus na-ebelata site na 39.6%, ọnụego ojiji ala na-abawanye site na ihe karịrị 30% ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke griinhaus nke brik polystyrene, nke dabara adaba maka ịgbasa ma tinye ya n'ọrụ na Yellow Huaihe River Basin nke China.

Ụlọ ntu ọkụ anyanwụ a gbakọtara ọnụ

Akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke anwụ a chịkọtara na-ewere ogidi na ọkpụkpụ ụlọ dị ka ihe owuwu na-ebu ibu, ihe mgbidi ya bụkwa ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ, kama ibu na nchekwa okpomọkụ na-anaghị agafe agafe. Isi ihe: (1) A na-emepụta ụdị mgbidi ọhụrụ site na ijikọta ihe dị iche iche dị ka ihe mkpuchi ihe nkiri ma ọ bụ efere ígwè agba, ihe mkpuchi ahịhịa, ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, ihe mkpuchi moto, wdg. (2) osisi mgbidi mejupụtara nke e ji osisi simenti-polystyrene-board-ciment eme; (3) Ụdị ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị mfe na nke dị mfe nke nwere usoro nchekwa okpomọkụ na mwepụta na sistemụ dehumidification, dị ka plastik square baketị nchekwa okpomọkụ na ebe nchekwa okpomọkụ. Iji ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ ọhụrụ dị iche iche na ihe nchekwa okpomọkụ kama mgbidi ụwa ọdịnala iji wuo ụlọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ anyanwụ nwere nnukwu oghere na obere injinia obodo. Nsonaazụ nnwale ahụ na-egosi na okpomọkụ nke ụlọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'abalị n'oge oyi dị elu 4.5℃ karịa nke ụlọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ brik ọdịnala, ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi azụ bụ 166mm. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere griin haus nke dị 600mm n'obosara, ebe e ji mgbidi ahụ rụọ ebelatala site na 72%, ọnụ ahịa kwa mita square bụ yuan 334.5, nke dị obere karịa nke griin haus nke dị 157.2 yuan, ọnụ ahịa owuwu ahụ ebelatakwala nke ukwuu. Ya mere, griin haus a kpọkọtara nwere uru nke mbibi ala a na-akọchaghị nke ọma, ịchekwa ala, ọsọ owuwu ngwa ngwa na ogologo ndụ ọrụ, ọ bụkwa isi ihe dị mkpa maka imepụta ihe ọhụrụ na mmepe nke griin haus nke anyanwụ ugbu a na n'ọdịnihu.

Greenhouse nke anwụ na-amị amị

Ụlọ ntu oyi nke Mahadum Ọrụ Ugbo Shenyang mepụtara, nke e ji skateboard mee, na-eji mgbidi azụ nke ụlọ ntu oyi ahụ emepụta usoro nchekwa okpomọkụ nke na-agagharị na mmiri iji chekwaa okpomọkụ ma bulie okpomọkụ, nke mejupụtara ọdọ mmiri (mita 32).³), efere nchịkọta ọkụ (mita 360)²), ọkpọ mmiri, paịpụ mmiri na ihe njikwa. Ejiri ihe ọhụrụ dị fechaa nke e ji ajị anụ nkume mee dochie akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ a na-agbanwe agbanwe. Nnyocha ahụ na-egosi na imewe a na-edozi nsogbu nke gables na-egbochi ọkụ nke ọma, ma na-eme ka ebe ọkụ na-abanye na griinhaus dịkwuo elu. Akụkụ ọkụ nke griinhaus dị ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 41.5°, nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 16° dị elu karịa nke griinhaus njikwa, si otú a na-eme ka ọnụego ọkụ dịkwuo mma. Nkesa okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ dị otu, osisi ndị ahụ na-etokwa nke ọma. Griinhaus nwere uru nke imeziwanye arụmọrụ ojiji ala, imepụta nha griinhaus n'ụzọ dị mfe na ime ka oge owuwu dị mkpụmkpụ, nke dị oke mkpa n'ichebe akụrụngwa ala na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Greenhouse fotovoltaic

Ụlọ griin haus ugbo bụ ụlọ griin haus nke na-ejikọta ike eletrik anyanwụ, njikwa okpomọkụ nwere ọgụgụ isi na ịkụ ihe ọgbara ọhụrụ nke oge a. Ọ na-eji ígwè ígwè eme ihe ma kpuchie ya na modulu fotovoltaic anyanwụ iji hụ na ihe achọrọ maka ọkụ nke modulu mmepụta ike fotovoltaic na ihe achọrọ maka ọkụ nke ụlọ griin haus dum. Ọwa kpọmkwem nke ike anyanwụ na-emepụta na-emeju ọkụ nke ụlọ griin haus ugbo ozugbo, na-akwado ọrụ nkịtị nke ngwa griin haus, na-akwalite ịgbara mmiri nke akụrụngwa mmiri, na-eme ka okpomọkụ ụlọ griin haus dịkwuo elu ma na-akwalite uto ngwa ngwa nke ihe ọkụkụ. Modulu fotovoltaic n'ụzọ dị otu a ga-emetụta arụmọrụ ọkụ nke ụlọ griin haus, wee metụta uto nkịtị nke akwụkwọ nri griin haus. Ya mere, nhazi ezi uche dị na panel fotovoltaic n'elu ụlọ griin haus na-aghọ isi ihe eji eme ihe. Ụlọ griin haus ugbo bụ ngwaahịa nke njikọta organic nke ọrụ ugbo nlegharị anya na ubi ubi, ọ bụkwa ụlọ ọrụ ugbo ọhụrụ na-ejikọta ike fotovoltaic, nlegharị anya ọrụ ugbo, ihe ubi ugbo, teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo, ala na mmepe omenala.

Nhazi ọhụrụ nke otu griinhaus nwere mmekọrịta ike n'etiti ụdị griinhaus dị iche iche

Guo Wenzhong, onye nyocha na Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, na-eji usoro ikpo ọkụ nke mbufe ike n'etiti griinhaus iji chịkọta ike okpomọkụ fọdụrụ na otu ma ọ bụ karịa griinhaus iji kpoo griinhaus ọzọ ma ọ bụ karịa. Usoro ikpo ọkụ a na-eme ka nnyefe ike griinhaus n'oge na oghere dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka arụmọrụ ojiji ike nke ike okpomọkụ griinhaus fọdụrụ dịkwuo mma, ma na-ebelata oke oriri ike kpo oku. Ụdị griinhaus abụọ ahụ nwere ike ịbụ ụdị griinhaus dị iche iche ma ọ bụ otu ụdị griinhaus maka ịkụ ihe ubi dị iche iche, dị ka letus na griinhaus tomato. Ụzọ nchịkọta okpomọkụ gụnyere isi iwepụta okpomọkụ ikuku n'ime ụlọ na igbochi radieshon mberede ozugbo. Site na nchịkọta ike anyanwụ, convection manyere site na ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ na mwepụ site na ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ, e wepụtara okpomọkụ karịrị akarị na griinhaus ike dị elu maka ikpo ọkụ griinhaus.

nchịkọta

Ụlọ ọhụrụ ndị a na-akpọ "solar griin" nwere uru dị na njikọta ngwa ngwa, obere oge owuwu na mmụba ọnụego ojiji ala. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa inyocha arụmọrụ nke ụlọ ọhụrụ ndị a n'ebe dị iche iche, ma nye ohere maka mmụba na itinye ụlọ ọhụrụ na griin haus ọhụrụ n'ọrụ. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ịnọgide na-eme ka ojiji nke ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ na griin haus sie ike, ka e wee nye ike maka mgbanwe nhazi nke ụlọ ndị na-akpọ "greenhouses".

Echiche na atụmanya n'ọdịnihu

Ụlọ griin haịn ọdịnala na-enwekarị ụfọdụ ihe ọghọm, dịka oke oriri ike, obere ọnụego ojiji ala, na-ewe oge na ọrụ, arụmọrụ adịghị mma, wdg, nke na-enweghịzi ike igbo mkpa mmepụta nke ọrụ ugbo ọgbara ọhụrụ, a ga-ewepụkwa ya nwayọ nwayọ. Ya mere, ọ bụ usoro mmepe iji isi mmalite ike ọhụrụ dịka ike anyanwụ, ike biomass, ike geothermal na ike ifufe, ihe eji eme griin haịn ọhụrụ na atụmatụ ọhụrụ iji kwalite mgbanwe nhazi nke griin haịn. Nke mbụ, griin haịn ọhụrụ nke ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ na-akwalite ekwesịghị naanị igbo mkpa nke ọrụ igwe, kamakwa ịchekwa ike, ala na ọnụ ahịa. Nke abụọ, ọ dị mkpa inyocha arụmọrụ nke griin haịn ọhụrụ n'ebe dị iche iche, iji nye ọnọdụ maka nnukwu mgbasa nke griin haịn. N'ọdịnihu, anyị kwesịrị ịchọkwu ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ dabara adaba maka itinye griin haịn, ma chọta ngwakọta kacha mma nke ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na griin haịn, iji mee ka o kwe omume iwu griin haịn ọhụrụ nwere ọnụ ala dị ala, oge owuwu dị mkpirikpi, obere oriri ike na arụmọrụ dị mma, nyere aka na nhazi griin haịn ọhụrụ gbanwee ma kwalite mmepe ọgbara ọhụrụ nke griin haịn na China.

Ọ bụ ezie na itinye ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na atụmatụ ọhụrụ n'ọrụ n'iwu ụlọ griinhaus bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere, enwere ọtụtụ nsogbu a ga-amụ ma merie: (1) Ọnụ ego owuwu na-abawanye. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ikpo ọkụ ọdịnala na kol, gas eke ma ọ bụ mmanụ, itinye ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ n'ọrụ bụ ihe na-adịghị emerụ gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-enweghị mmetọ, mana ọnụ ahịa owuwu na-abawanye nke ukwuu, nke nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ na mgbake itinye ego nke mmepụta na ọrụ. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ojiji ike, ọnụ ahịa nke ihe ọhụrụ ga-abawanye nke ukwuu. (2) Ojiji ike okpomọkụ na-adịghị akwụsi ike. Uru kachasị nke iji ike ọhụrụ eme ihe bụ obere ọnụ ahịa ọrụ na obere ikuku carbon dioxide, mana ọkọnọ ike na okpomọkụ adịghị akwụsi ike, ụbọchị igwe ojii na-aghọkwa ihe kacha egbochi ojiji ike anyanwụ. N'usoro mmepụta okpomọkụ biomass site na ịgbakọ, ojiji dị irè nke ike a na-ejedebe site na nsogbu nke obere ike okpomọkụ ịgbakọ, njikwa siri ike na njikwa, na nnukwu oghere nchekwa maka njem ihe eji emepụta ihe. (3) Ntozu okè teknụzụ. Teknụzụ ndị a nke ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ ji eme ihe bụ nyocha dị elu na ihe ndị teknụzụ rụzuru, ebe ha na oke ha ka dị oke oke. Ha agafebeghị ọtụtụ oge, ọtụtụ ebe na nyocha omume buru ibu, enwerekwa ụfọdụ adịghị ike na ọdịnaya teknụzụ nke kwesịrị imeziwanye na ngwa. Ndị ọrụ na-agọnarị ọganihu nke teknụzụ n'ihi obere adịghị ike. (4) Ọnụego ntinye teknụzụ dị ala. Ojiji sara mbara nke ihe ịga nke ọma sayensị na teknụzụ chọrọ ụfọdụ ewu ewu. Ugbu a, ike ọhụrụ, teknụzụ ọhụrụ na teknụzụ imewe griinhaus ọhụrụ niile nọ n'òtù ebe nyocha sayensị na mahadum nwere ikike imepụta ihe ọhụrụ, ọtụtụ ndị na-achọ teknụzụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-emepụta ihe ka na-amaghị; N'otu oge ahụ, mmụba na itinye teknụzụ ọhụrụ ka dị oke oke n'ihi na akụrụngwa isi nke teknụzụ ọhụrụ nwere patent. (5) Njikọta nke ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na imewe nhazi griinhaus kwesịrị ime ka ọ sie ike karị. N'ihi na ike, ihe na imewe nhazi griinhaus dị na ngalaba atọ dị iche iche, ndị nwere ahụmịhe nhazi griinhaus na-enwekarị nyocha na ike na ihe metụtara griinhaus, na nke ọzọ; Ya mere, ndị nchọpụta gbasara ike na nnyocha ihe dị iche iche kwesịrị ime ka nnyocha na nghọta nke mkpa dị n'ịzụlite ụlọ ọrụ griinhaus sikwuo ike, ndị na-emepụta ihe owuwu kwesịkwara ịmụ ihe ọhụrụ na ike ọhụrụ iji kwalite njikọ miri emi nke mmekọrịta atọ ahụ, iji mezuo ebumnuche nke teknụzụ nyocha griinhaus bara uru, obere ọnụ ahịa owuwu na mmetụta ojiji dị mma. Dabere na nsogbu ndị a dị n'elu, a na-atụ aro na steeti, gọọmentị ime obodo na ebe nyocha sayensị kwesịrị ime ka nnyocha teknụzụ dịkwuo elu, mee nnyocha ọnụ n'ụzọ miri emi, mee ka mgbasa ozi nke ihe ndị sayensị na teknụzụ sikwuo ike, melite mgbasa ozi nke ihe ndị a rụzuru, ma mezuo ngwa ngwa ebumnuche nke ike ọhụrụ na ihe ọhụrụ iji nyere aka na mmepe ọhụrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ griinhaus.

Ozi e hotara

Li Jianming, Sun Guotao, Li Haojie, Li Rui, Hu Yixin. Ike ọhụrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na imewe ọhụrụ na-enyere aka mgbanwe ọhụrụ nke griinhaus [J]. Akwụkwọ nri, 2022,(10):1-8.